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Cryptonym: AMBOLT-2

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Definition:
Dr. Orlando Bosch, General Coordinator with the Ejercito Cubano Anticomunista, also known as the ECA or the Anti-Communist Army. This group was formed in mid-1961 when Bosch merged his MIRR group with Evilio Duque Miyar's organization. In mid-1963, the two men separated their forces again.
Status:
Probable
Discussion:
Jan 1964: Gonzalo Lage, one of the key members of ECA, was a lawyer and the owner of the Rancho Luna restaurant in Miami. See 1994.05.10.13:51:02:910007, p. 68.
Sources:

1993.08.11.14:08:32:620006: CUBAN COUNTERREVOLUTIONARY HANDBOOK

1959-1963: Ejercito Cubano Anticomunista was also known as the ECA or the Anti-Communist Army. This group was formed in mid-1961 when Bosch merged his MIRR group with Evilio Duque Miyar's organization, but the pact was broken in June 1963. The leading personalities included the Military Coordinator, Evilio Duque Miyar, aka Comandante Luis. The ECA was formed in July 1959 when Duque organized and led a guerrilla band in the Escambray. When Duque came to the US in June 1961, he launched the ECA in exile. In the fall of 1961, Bosch merged his MIRR with the ECA. "Dr. Orlando Bosch Avila was named Joint General Coordinator while Duque became joint military chief. The mission of the combined group was to carry out hit-and-run raids against Cuba with particular emphasis on shipping...On 23 June 1963 Duque was presented with a Notice of Prevention of Departure and confined to the limits of Dade County. With the passage of time, Duque became convinced that hit-and-run operations were incapable of affecting the stability of the Castro regime and was concerned that such operations required a disproportionate investment of limited resources. Bosch held to the opposite view and the MIRR and the ECA split in late June 1963."

104-10171-10300: REPORT:CUBAN ANTI-COMMUNIST ARMY/MORUA-CARDOSO PLAN TO ACQUIRE ARMS

1961-63: FBI memo, 11/9/62: Jorge Salazar of Bellwood, Illinois (later the man who ran the House on Harlandale) and DRE chief Martin Morua (AMBARB-70) purchased 1200 blasting caps from John Burkman, their Minuteman contact in the Chicago area. Jose Cardoso of 2317 South Trumbull Avenue, Chicago, active with the ECA (Cuban Anti-Communist Party) was the informant regarding this transaction. A year earlier, Morua had purchased 1000 blasting caps from same source and delivered them to Duque in Miami for his use. Also see 124-10225-10026, p. 4: Cardoso, director of the ECA in Chicago, was used as a source during September 1963 regarding another arms transaction involving JURE. Also see 124-10370-10019, p. 259: During October 1963, Cardoso, (probably Paulino) Sierra and (no FNU) Hernandez met with Burkman to purchase a variety of armaments "for a guerrilla action that was to precede a real attempt at revolution in Cuba". The report adds that "it now appears possible that Paulino Sierra...and "Mannie" (possibly Manolito Rodriguez Orcarberro, who worked with Salazar and Harlandale - described as Cuban white male, possibly Jewish or Greek background, 48-52 years of age, 5 foot 9 inches) who met (Tom) Mosley at the Terminal Lounge on December 5, 1963, might be one and the same person."

104-10262-10256: LETTER: SIR: IN COMPLIANCE WITH YOUR ORDER TO REPORT MY ACTIVITIES SINCE

6/31/61 letter (a date that never existed) from Andres Perez Guerra, Captain, Anti-Communist Army of the Escambray to Major Evelio Duque, Chief, Anti-Communist Army of the Escambray: Perez was active in the underground from January 1959-June 1960, involved in sabotage. "Major Evilio Duque ordered me to rise in arms and join the forces which were operating in the Escambray...in January 1961, after the commander of Column #3 Captain Zacharias Garcias had been taken prisoner, I was put in command of column #3 in view of my merits on the battlefield." Also see 104-10262-10226, 7/12/61, WAVE 7064: "Duque and Garcia...playing coy about revealing info about Duque's org in Cuba until he has chance (to) consult advisors whom he expects arrive (US) in the near future. Has made numerous probes to WAVE contacts in effort (to) determine extent (US government) willing to support him...(Duque) wants to keep in contact with WAVE but will not accept anything from them to avoid becoming obligated.

104-10169-10170: LETTER RE EVELIO DUQUE MIYAR RECRUITING

7/18/61 letter from AMBOLT-2: "Dear Friends, A few days ago I received the visit of a friend of mine, Andres Perez, Army Captain, in charge of the men who fought in the Sierra del Escambray, in Las Villas Province, Cuba. Later that day I had a meeting with Comandante Evelio Duque Miyar to whose house I was taken by Capt. Andres Perez, who is the latter's adjutant. Comandante Duque asked me to join the movement he will be heading and bring all my human assets with me at the same time...I do not want to take one step without having being oriented on this subject by you people... I was offered the post of General Coordinator of the syndical step of the movement oriented by Comandante Duque. For that purpose I have started to collaborate with these people in some respects, but without compromising myself. I was asked to look for space where the administrative offices of the organization could be installed. I have inspected and also reported a suitable location for office space at SW 1600 1st Street, corner of 16th Avenue...At the present time, Comandante Duque lives at 1200 NW 6th Street in Miami and at the same time at the Hotel Colonial, on Biscayne Blvd., Room 415." AMBOLT-2 met with Frank Massengill the same day - see 104-10169-10169, p. 2.

104-10169-10165: CABLE:ON 20 JULY WAVE IN CONTACT WITH GARCIA, SUBJ OF REF

"On 20 July WAVE in contact with Garcia...Garcia states that Evelio Duque's Anti Communist Liberation Army growing stronger each day and all Cuban exiles rallying Duque. In last few weeks Duque receiving increased press coverage...Garcia claims Duque has been approached by rep, no iden, of 'General Taylor', and Duque may visit Wash near future. He also received request from Senator Smathers to call on Smathers (in the) near future...a letter to Mr. Paul Bethel, local USIA rep, from a Captain Edwin P. LeMay, a local yacht broker, characterizes Garcia as an opportunist...Garcia organized the SIM for Batista in 1933...LeMay also states that Garcia/AMCHEER-1 employed by the ODOATH/Naval Intelligence Service at GTMO and a business partner of Batista.  WAVE traces LeMay reveal he yacht broker in touch with AMTEE/? and AMCASK/?  Local ODENVY/Navy traces requested. Tone of letter suggests LeMay is contact between Duque group and (US government) through Bethel. AMBOLT-2 reveals Duque group made overtures to him to join Duque. AMBOLT-2 and AMJAVA-2 state that Orlando Bosch Avila 201-299292 is member (of) Duque entourage." 7/29/61 cable from JMWAVE to Director, slugline DIR CITE WAVE 7333 ZAMKA ACTING JMZIP. Another copy of this WAVE 7333 can be found at 104-10169-10165. This memo links Zamka/David Morales with General Taylor, Evilio Duque/Commander Luis, AMCHEER-1 of ONI, Paul Bethel with USIA, Edwin LeMay - possible also ONI, and AMBOLT-2, probably Orlando Bosch, who united with Duque in 1961 and split with him in 1963. That is quite a grouping.

104-10169-10169: CONTACT REPORT

7/28/61 contact report from Frank Massengill/probably Cal Hicks on AMBOLT-2: "Captain Andres Perez told me that the persons who attended the conference in Washington DC (held by Rep. Victor Anfuso on 7/25/61) were Marcelino Garcia and Mr. Boch. Andres Perez told me also that the two persons most trusted by Evelio Duque Miyar were Marcelino Garcia and himself, Andres Perez." Note that a check is being run on Evilio Duque about this time under "Captured German Agent Records". https://www.maryferrell.org/showDoc.html?docId=37786#relPageId=2&search=%2213_DECEMBER%201926%22

104-10169-10163: CONTACT REPORT:MEETING WITH AMBOLT-2 THIS DATE

8/11/61 contact report by Frank Massengill re meeting with AMBOLT-2: AMBOLT-2 was told that Duque cannot expect any support in the immediate future. "AMBOLT-2 reported that he saw his friend, Capt. Perez, while taking a walk on SW 6th Street on 8 August 1961. Perez told him Evilio Duque Miyar and his friend Garcia Jiminez had left for Washington (to promote his ideas). AMBOLT-2 said he went over to Duque's rented home at NW 6th Street last week. Everything looked filthy and in bad disorder, besides it was run down and all the essentials lacking, including food on the table. Old Evelio may be at the end of his rope, before he starts organizes his 'Army'."

104-10262-10061: MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD: CONTACT REPORT BETWEEN JAMES S. PEKICH AND EVELIO DUQUE MIYAR, DR. BOSCH AND DR. LAGE, 18 SEPTEMBER 1961, 1500 HOURS

9/20/61 Memorandum for the Record. WH/4/PM James Pekich, using his alias "Mr. Dimitry", met with Evelio Duque, Dr. Orlando Bosch, and attorney (Gonzalo) Lage. They told him they planned to keep fighting as the Cuban Anti-Communist Corps, or the Ejercito Cubano Anti Comunistic. They wanted to become part of the underground movement with access to weapons and to engage in guerilla warfare. Pekich said he would introduce them to some people.

1994.05.27.15:58:30:160005 Reel 7, Folder E - EVELIO DUQUE MIYAR

10/9/61, Memorandum for the Record, by Thomas G. Clines, Case Officer, PM, WAVE. Subject: PM with Evilio Duque and Dr. Bosch. "The undersigned met subjects above on 7 October 1961 for two hours at Safehouse #17. Dr. Bosch is General Coordinator of the Cuban Anti-Communist Corps and he acted as the interpreter for Major Duque, who speaks no English. The Case Officer used the name Mr. Dimitry to establish his bona fides."

104-10169-10433: CABLE: SUBJ IS GENERAL COORDINATOR OF DUQUE GROUP IN EXILE

2/20/62 memo from JWAVE to Director re 201-299292, Orlando Bosch and 201-302008, Evilio Duque: "Subject is general coordinator of Duque group in exile. He is presently assisting case officer and Duque in formulating operational plans for Duque teams to be infiltrated. Realize he one of many who extremely critical (of CIA) policy and personnel year ago but since being contacted by WAVE per (WAVE requirements re Bosch) has proven to be cooperative and secure. (In view of above) WAVE desires (to) remain in contact with subject." Chief of Station comment: "Cable pre-dates CS files. Copy may be seen in Signal Centef files."

104-10235-10246: AMBUD-1 TOLD FOLLOWING, AMBUD VISITED BY EVELIO DUQUE OF ESCAMBRAY

8/10/62: Evvy (Evalina Vidal, aka Alice Caponong) writes memo to "Phil" (Bill Kent) about AMBUD-1's meeting with "Evilio Duque of the Escambray, Marcelino Garcia, a CPA named Garciaca and an Echeveite - about support for Duque and his guerrillas in Cuba. Duque went to Washington recently and spoke with General Taylor. Marginalia states "this (the above statement) is a lie. Nobody saw him or wanted to talk to him." The note concludes: "AMBUD-1/Miro Cardona made no commitments to DUQUE (note Duque was seeking money) and it was left that the latter would await news from AMBUD-1...AMBUD-1 would like our views on the matter. Evvy." See 104-10235-10244, 8/15/62 memo from Charles Gneiting/Thomas Hewitt to Chief, PW, attn: Capanong about Duque: "...(Marcelino Garcia Jiminez) claims to be a CPA and a former business school teacher in Havana. Our records indicate he was one of the original organizers of SIM...Duque was picked up with us again in Feb. 1962 and we worked with him until the end of April of that year..." Gneiting and Charles Masengill had an agreement with Duque in Feb-April 1962 to infiltrate five teams "one at a time" into Cuba, which Duque scuttled on the night before the planned infiltration in late April 1962, accusing them of breaking an agreement to "put all the teams in simultanously"...since then we have had no contact with Duque and want none." Gneiting added that Duque had been assessed with an "extremely low intelligence level" and "no administrative ability".

104-10164-10324: DISPATCH: OPERATIONAL/ GYROSE/ KUWOLF DR. ORLANDO BOSCH AVILA

9/19/62 dispatch from Chief of Station, JMWAVE to Chief, Task Force W: (Orlando Bosch/AMDITTO-23) was a friend of Plinio Prieto, the Autentico Party leader who was shot at Las Campanas for opposition to Castro. (Bosch) organized an anti-Castro organization called Movimiento Insurreccional Revolucionario which later became Ejercito Cubano Anticomunista Frente Escambray. (Bosch) was secretary general of the latter organization, other top posts being held by Dr. Gonzalo Lage and Evelio Duque, 'the fighting Comandante' who lived in Spain for many years under the name Marcelino Garcia. Lage recently became disgusted with (Bosch) and left the group..."

Contributors:
Bill Simpich

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